Bragg's Law Calculator

begin mathsize 48px style n lambda equals 2 d subscript h k l end subscript sin theta end style

n = An integer ;   λ = Wavelength of the incident light ; dhkl= Lattice Spacing ; θ = Angle of incidence ; 

Borne Lande Equation Calculator

begin mathsize 36px style U equals fraction numerator N subscript A M z to the power of plus z to the power of minus e squared over denominator 4 πε subscript straight o straight r end fraction open parentheses 1 minus 1 over n close parentheses end style

U=Lattice Energy ; NA= Avogadro Number ; M= Madelung Constant ; z+ & z- = Charge on the Cation & the Anion;

e = Change of an electron; n= Born Exponent ; r =Inter ionicDistance; εo = Permitivity of free Space;